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Rat models of reward deficits in psychiatric disorders.
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.05.001
Chloe L Slaney 1 , Claire A Hales 1 , Emma S J Robinson 1
Affiliation  

Loss of interest in rewarding activities is a hallmark of many psychiatric disorders and may be relevant for neurodegenerative disorders and patients suffering from brain injury. There is increasing evidence that deficits in reward-related behaviour are more complex than previously described. The traditional view of anhedonia as ‘the inability to experience pleasure’ may be too limited to fully encompass the types of reward deficit observed in these patients. Developments in methods to measure different aspects of reward processing in humans and animals are starting to provide insights into the complexity of this behaviour. In this article we consider the rodent models which have traditionally been used to study reward deficits in psychiatric disorders and consider their limitations relative to clinical findings. We then discuss work where methods derived from human neuropsychological tests are providing insights into the complexity of reward-related behaviour. Specifically, we consider tasks which investigate different aspects of reward-related behaviour focusing on learning and memory as well as decision-making and consider what these may mean in terms of how we model reward deficits in rodents.



中文翻译:

精神疾病中奖赏缺陷的大鼠模型。

对奖励活动失去兴趣是许多精神疾病的标志,可能与神经退行性疾病和患有脑损伤的患者有关。越来越多的证据表明,奖励相关行为的缺陷比之前描述的更为复杂。将快感缺乏视为“无法体验快乐”的传统观点可能过于局限,无法完全涵盖在这些患者中观察到的奖赏缺陷类型。测量人类和动物奖励处理的不同方面的方法的发展开始提供对这种行为复杂性的见解。在本文中,我们考虑了传统上用于研究精神疾病奖励缺陷的啮齿动物模型,并考虑了它们相对于临床发现的局限性。然后,我们讨论了源自人类神经心理学测试的方法提供对奖励相关行为复杂性的见解的工作。具体来说,我们考虑调查奖励相关行为的不同方面的任务,重点是学习和记忆以及决策,并考虑这些可能意味着我们如何模拟啮齿动物的奖励缺陷。

更新日期:2018-06-12
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