Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by amenorrhea, hypergonadotropism and hypoestrogenism before the age of 40, which affects 1% of women in the general population. POF is complex and heterogeneous due to its pathogenetic mechanisms. It is one of the significant causes of female infertility. Although many treatments are available for POF, these therapies are less efficient and trigger many side effects. Therefore, to find effective therapeutics for POF is urgently required. Due to stem cells having self-renewal and regeneration potential, they may be effective for the treatment of ovarian failure and consequently infertility. Recent studies have found that stem cells therapy may be able to restore the ovarian structure and function in animal models of POF and provide an effective treatment method. The present review summarizes the biological roles and the possible signaling mechanisms of the different stem cells in POF ovary. Further study on the precise mechanisms of stem cells on POF may provide novel insights into the female reproduction, which not only enhances the understanding of the physiological roles but also supports effective therapy for recovering ovarian functions against infertility.

卵巢早衰（POF）的特征是在40岁之前出现闭经，促性腺激素过多和雌激素过多，这影响了总人口中1％的妇女。由于POF的致病机制，它是复杂且异质的。它是女性不孕的重要原因之一。尽管POF有许多治疗方法，但是这些治疗方法效率较低，并且会引发许多副作用。因此，迫切需要找到有效的POF疗法。由于干细胞具有自我更新和再生的潜力，它们可能有效治疗卵巢衰竭并因此导致不育。最近的研究发现，干细胞疗法可能能够恢复POF动物模型中的卵巢结构和功能，并提供有效的治疗方法。本综述总结了POF卵巢中不同干细胞的生物学作用和可能的信号传导机制。对干细胞在POF上的精确机制的进一步研究可能为女性生殖提供新的见解，这不仅增进了对生理作用的理解，而且还支持有效的疗法来恢复针对不育症的卵巢功能。