Neanderthal groups developed different models of mobility and exploitation of resources across their territory: these differences can be linked to various knapping methods and are probably related to adaptative strategies and responses at many ecological and cultural levels. Neanderthals associated with Discoid knapping are known to depend on an opportunistic exploitation of lithic raw materials for daily food procurement and be more mobile than others using different technologies. However, we have no defined data for most of the geographical contexts where this technocomplex was found. This study analyzes the southern Alpine site of Grotta di Fumane, where the final Mousterian is characterized by the succession of well defined cultural entities. Unit A9 presents with entirely Discoid technology and is embedded between fully Levallois levels. The level was recently extensively investigated for almost 68m² on 9,000 lithic pieces. To study the lithic assemblage of Unit A9 we applied a techno-economical analysis designed to infer the spatial fragmentation of the reduction sequences, and results were corroborated through the characterization of cortex and raw materials based on geological surveys and experimental comparisons. Results show that raw materials collected within a radius of 5km, by far the most frequently used, exhibit complete and ordinary reduction sequences, which were further attested by multiple refittings. Beyond this area, semi-local raw materials (5-10 km) are introduced to perform specific tasks, and are reduced according to their different physical qualities. These data, combined with the presence of lithotypes and fossils collected from longer distances (ten to hundreds of kilometers), and to the recycling of old patinated artifacts, indicate a complex and diversified behavior encompassing both: a) opportunistic and daily residential exploitation within a local territory; b) logistical planning of the economical organization in the semi-local to exotic territory according to quality and distance of available raw materials sources.

中文翻译：

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用Discoid技术评估尼安德特人的土地利用和石质原料管理。

尼安德特人团体在其领土上开发了不同的流动性和资源开发模式：这些差异可能与各种绑架方法有关，并且可能与许多生态和文化层面的适应策略和应对措施有关。众所周知，与盘状绑架有关的尼安德特人依赖于对石质原料的机会性开发来进行日常食品采购，并且比其他使用不同技术的动物更具机动性。但是，对于发现这种技术复杂的大多数地理环境，我们都没有定义的数据。这项研究分析了Grotta di Fumane的南部阿尔卑斯山遗址，那里的最终Mousterian以一系列定义明确的文化实体为特征。A9单元采用完全盘状技术，并嵌入在整个Levallois水平之间。最近对该水平进行了广泛的研究，共覆盖9,000块石板，面积近68平方米。为了研究A9单元的石块组合，我们采用了一种技术经济分析来推断还原序列的空间碎片，并通过地质调查和实验比较，通过对皮质和原材料的表征来证实结果。结果表明，在距离最远的5 km范围内收集的原材料，显示出完整且常规的还原顺序，并通过多次改装进一步证明了这一点。除此区域外，还引入了半本地原材料（5-10公里）来执行特定任务，并根据它们的不同物理质量对其进行了减少。这些数据，结合从较远距离（十到数百公里）收集的岩性和化石的存在，以及对旧有古朴文物的回收，表明了一种复杂而多样化的行为，包括：a）在当地领土内的机会主义和日常住宅开发; b）根据可用原材料来源的质量和距离，在半本地到异国领土上的经济组织的后勤计划。