We gained new insights on Epigravettian funerary behavior at the Arene Candide cave through the osteological and spatial analysis of the burials and human bone accumulations found in the cave during past excavations. Archaeothanathological information on the human skeletal remains was recovered from diaries, field pictures and notes, and data from recent excavations was integrated. The secondary deposits have traditionally been interpreted as older burials that were disturbed to make space for new inhumations. Our results suggest that those disturbances were not casual: older burials were intentionally displaced to bury younger inhumations. Subsequently, some skeletal elements, especially crania, were arranged around the new burial; these were often placed within stone niches. Based on the composition of some clusters, which contain the bones of two individuals displaced together, it is possible that a double burial composed of two adults was originally present at the site. This would be a burial type that had not been recognized at Arene Candide until now. Strikingly, this potential double burial contained an individual showing pathological bowing of the limbs, a finding which is not infrequent in skeletons from Gravettian and Epigravettian multiple burials. In addition, the crania and other skeletal elements derived from this burial were intentionally placed around a new inhumation, whose skeleton possibly shows a milder form of the same disease (possibly hereditary rickets). This and other observations suggest that the five individuals belonging to the second phase of this "cemetery" (AMS dates spanning 12,030 -11,180 cal BP) might have been buried over a relatively brief time span. Our study demonstrated similar behaviors in the first phase of mortuary use of the cave (12,820-12,420 cal BP), indicating a remarkable persistence in Final Epigravettian funerary models despite their archaeologically apparent rarity and intermittent nature.

中文翻译：

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关于Arene Candide Cave（意大利西利古里亚）最终Epigravettian葬礼行为的新见解。

通过对过去挖掘中在该洞穴中发现的墓葬和人类骨骼积累的骨学和空间分析，我们获得了关于Arene Candide洞穴Epigravettian葬礼行为的新见解。人体骨骼遗骸的考古文物信息是从日记，田野图片和笔记中获得的，并且最近挖掘的数据也得到了整合。传统上，次要沉积物被解释为较老的墓葬，被打扰了，为新的遗体腾出了空间。我们的结果表明，这些干扰不是偶然的：有意将更老的墓葬转移到掩埋年轻的尸体中。随后，在新墓葬周围布置了一些骨骼元素，尤其是颅骨。这些通常被放置在石ni中。根据某些集群的组成，其中包含两个一起移位的人的骨头，很可能原本是由两个成年人组成的双葬场。这将是一种至今尚未在Arene Candide认可的墓葬类型。令人惊讶的是，这种潜在的双葬包括一个显示出四肢病理性弯曲的人，这一发现在格拉维蒂安和Epigravettian多次葬葬的骨骼中并不罕见。此外，有意将这种埋葬产生的颅骨和其他骨骼元素放置在新的取火物周围，其骨骼可能显示出较轻的同种疾病形式（可能是遗传性病）。此观察结果和其他观察结果表明，属于该“墓地”第二阶段的五个人（AMS日期跨越12,030 -11，180 cal BP）可能在相对较短的时间范围内被埋没。我们的研究表明，在太平间葬使用的第一阶段（12,820-12,420 cal BP）具有相似的行为，表明尽管考古学上存在稀有性和间歇性，但最终Epigravettian葬礼模型仍具有显着的持久性。