Aflatoxins (AFs) are one of the most frequent contaminants in maize. The Republic of Serbia represents a leader in terms of maize production and exports in Europe. In recent years, Serbia faced climate changes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to examine AF occurrence in 3000 maize samples collected during 2012–2016. In maize samples from 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016, AFs were detected in 72.3%, 24.7%, 36.7%, and 5.0% of the samples, in concentration ranges of 1.0–111.2, 1.2–65.2, 1.1–76.2, and 1.3–6.9 µg kg⁻¹, respectively. Contrary to this, in maize samples from 2014, no AFs were detected. Analysis of weather conditions indicates that 2012 was characterised by extreme drought conditions, 2013 and 2015 by lack of precipitation and high air temperatures, 2014 as the rainiest year in these years, while 2016 had moderate weather conditions.

黄曲霉毒素（AFs）是玉米中最常见的污染物之一。塞尔维亚共和国代表了欧洲玉米生产和出口方面的领导者。近年来，塞尔维亚面临着气候变化。因此，本研究的主要目的是检查2012-2016年间收集的3000份玉米样品中的AF发生情况。在2012年，2013年，2015年和2016年的玉米样品中，检出的AF分别占样品的72.3％，24.7％，36.7％和5.0％，浓度范围为1.0-111.2、1.2-65.2、1.1-76.2和1.3–6.9 µg千克^-1， 分别。与此相反，在2014年的玉米样品中，未检测到AF。对天气状况的分析表明，2012年的特点是极端干旱，2013年和2015年的特点是缺乏降水和空气温度高，2014年是这些年中最雨的一年，而2016年的天气条件中等。