Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes for many years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of two novel injectable, bioactive cements: β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC in vitro and in vivo. This was accomplished by culturing mouse pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) on discs and pastes of CPCs. Cell growth, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation were assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and alkaline phosphatase assays as well as by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence. The effect of CPC paste curing was also evaluated. Implantation of two materials into the muscle tissue of rabbits was also studied and evaluated by histological analysis. Cell analysis indicated good biocompatibility in vitro. The fluorescence assay suggested that the cured material discs had no obvious effect on cell growth, while the curing process did. Histological examination showed no inflammatory cell infiltration into soft tissue. These data suggest that β-TCP/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC composites may be promising injectable material for bone tissue engineering.

中文翻译：

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两种新型可注射磷酸钙水泥的生物相容性的体外和体内分析。

磷酸钙水泥（CPC）多年来已广泛用作骨移植替代品。这项研究的目的是在体外和体内评估两种新型的可注射生物活性水泥：β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）/ CPC和壳聚糖微球/ CPC的生物相容性。这是通过在CPC和CD的糊状物上培养小鼠成骨细胞（MC3T3-E1）来实现的。细胞生长，粘附，增殖和分化通过3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2、5-二苯基溴化四溴化铵和碱性磷酸酶测定以及通过扫描电子显微镜和荧光来评估。还评估了CPC糊剂固化的效果。还研究了两种材料植入兔的肌肉组织并通过组织学分析进行评估。细胞分析表明体外具有良好的生物相容性。荧光分析表明，固化的材料圆盘对细胞生长没有明显的影响，而固化过程却明显。组织学检查未见炎性细胞浸润到软组织中。这些数据表明，β-TCP/ CPC和壳聚糖微球/ CPC复合材料可能是有望用于骨组织工程的可注射材料。