Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been consistently found to be involved in the food-borne disease outbreaks every year. Particularly, V. parahaemolyticus can be induced into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state under cold-starvation conditions. In this physiological state, V. parahaemolyticus losses its colony-forming ability and shows reduced metabolic activities. The subsequent failure of its detection may threaten public health-hygiene practices. Until now, evident information on physiological properties of VBNC V. parahaemolyticus and its underlying mechanism remains unclear and unorganized. Therefore, this review summarized survival behavior, persistence, and entry of pathogenic microorganisms into a VBNC state in response to various environmental conditions and discussed distinctive characteristics of VBNC cells. To survive under unfavorable environments, VBNC V. parahaemolyticus shows marked modifications in cell membrane composition, fatty acid synthesis, morphology, metabolism, gene expression, and capability of adhesion and virulence. These physiological modifications might be closely associated with an imbalance in maintaining essential biological processes within VBNC cells, thereby causing a decrease in cell membrane fluidity. To develop an efficient surveillance method and to prevent the recovery of VBNC cells in food, the induction of a VBNC state needs to be profoundly understood.

中文翻译：

---

营养素缺乏在低温下诱导的可存活但不可培养的副溶血弧菌的特征。

每年都发现副溶血性弧菌一直与食源性疾病有关。特别地，在冷饥饿条件下，副溶血性弧菌可以被诱导成存活但不可培养的（VBNC）状态。在这种生理状态下，副溶血弧菌丧失了其菌落形成能力，并显示出代谢活性降低。随后无法检测到它可能会威胁到公共卫生的做法。到目前为止，关于VBNC副溶血性弧菌的生理特性及其潜在机理的明显信息仍不清楚且没有组织。因此，这篇综述总结了生存行为，持久性和病原微生物对各种环境条件的响应进入VBNC状态，并讨论了VBNC细胞的独特特征。为了在不利的环境下生存，VBNC副溶血性弧菌在细胞膜组成，脂肪酸合成，形态，代谢，基因表达以及粘附和毒力能力方面显示出明显的修饰。这些生理变化可能与维持VBNC细胞内的基本生物学过程的失衡密切相关，从而导致细胞膜流动性降低。为了开发一种有效的监视方法并防止食品中VBNC细胞的恢复，需要深刻理解VBNC状态的诱导。这些生理变化可能与维持VBNC细胞内的基本生物学过程的失衡密切相关，从而导致细胞膜流动性降低。为了开发一种有效的监视方法并防止食品中VBNC细胞的恢复，需要深刻理解VBNC状态的诱导。这些生理变化可能与维持VBNC细胞内的基本生物学过程的失衡密切相关，从而导致细胞膜流动性降低。为了开发一种有效的监视方法并防止食品中VBNC细胞的恢复，需要深刻理解VBNC状态的诱导。