This meta-analysis examined theoretical predictions about the effects of different combinations of action (e.g., start an exercise regime) and of inaction (e.g., reduce screen time, rest in between weight lifting series) recommendations in smoking, diet, and physical activity multiple-domain interventions. The synthesis included 150 research reports of interventions promoting multiple behaviour domain change and measuring change at the most immediate follow-up. The main outcome measure was an indicator of overall change that combined behavioural and clinical effects. There were two main findings. First, as predicted, interventions produced the highest level of change when they included a predominance of recommendations along one behavioural dimension (i.e., predominantly inaction or predominantly action). Unexpectedly, within interventions with predominant action or inaction recommendations, those including predominantly inaction recommendations had greater efficacy than those including predominantly action recommendations. This effect, however, was limited to interventions in the diet and exercise domains, but reversed (greater efficacy for interventions with predominant action vs. inaction recommendations) in the smoking domain. These findings provide important insights on how to best combine recommendations when interventions target clusters of health behaviours.

这项荟萃分析检查了关于吸烟，饮食和体育锻炼的不同建议（例如，开始锻炼方案）和不作为（例如，减少屏幕检查时间，在举重系列之间休息）的不同组合的影响的理论预测域干预。该综合报告包括150项干预研究报告，这些干预报告可促进多种行为领域的变化并在最近期的随访中评估变化。主要结果指标是综合了行为和临床影响的总体变化的指标。有两个主要发现。首先，正如预测的那样，当干预措施包括沿一个行为维度（即主要是无所作为或主要是行动）的主要建议时，干预措施会产生最高水平的变化。不料，在主要采取行动或不作为的干预措施中，主要包括不采取行动的建议比那些主要采取行动的建议具有更大的疗效。但是，这种影响仅限于饮食和运动领域的干预措施，但在吸烟领域却相反（在主要行动与无行动建议之间的干预效果更大）。这些发现为干预措施针对健康行为群时如何最好地结合建议提供了重要的见识。但在吸烟领域却相反（在主要行动与无行动建议之间进行干预的疗效更高）。这些发现为干预措施针对健康行为群时如何最好地结合建议提供了重要的见识。但在吸烟领域却相反（在主要行动与无行动建议之间进行干预的疗效更高）。这些发现为干预措施针对健康行为群时如何最好地结合建议提供了重要的见识。