BACKGROUND/AIMS Spontaneous viral clearance of the chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is a rare event. We aimed to identify the clinical, therapeutic, demographic, and laboratory features associated with spontaneous HCV clearance in 16 HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC, the largest case series, to our knowledge). METHODS This case series study reports the findings from 16 HIV/HCV coinfected patients with CHC who experienced spontaneous clearance of HCV infection. Patients were monitored between 2000 and 2013 in the Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic at the Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal. RESULTS Apart from antiretroviral therapy (ART), all patients were also consuming other potential hepatotoxic drugs (e.g., alcohol, illicit drugs, methadone, and antituberculosis medication). In all but 1 of the 16 HIV-infected patients with CHC, viral remission was associated with a temporary suspension of the ART. All patients showed a sustained HCV viral clearance. CONCLUSION A possible drug-induced liver injury and/or suspension of ART may, in some cases, contribute to increasing the chances of spontaneous HCV clearance in HIV-infected patients with CHC.

中文翻译：

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16例HIV感染的慢性丙型肝炎患者的自发病毒清除。

背景/目的在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的患者中慢性丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的自发病毒清除是罕见的事件。我们旨在确定与16例HIV感染的慢性丙型肝炎患者相关的临床，治疗，人口统计学和实验室特征与自发HCV清除有关（据我们所知，CHC是最大的病例系列）。方法该病例系列研究报告了16例HIV / HCV合并感染的CHC患者的发现，这些患者经历了HCV感染的自发清除。在2000年至2013年之间，在葡萄牙波尔图的Centro Hospitalar S.João的传染病门诊诊所对患者进行了监测。结果除抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）外，所有患者还都在服用其他潜在的肝毒性药物（例如，酒精，非法药物，美沙酮，和抗结核药物）。在16名HIV感染的CHC患者中，除1名以外，其他所有患者的病毒缓解均与ART的暂时停用有关。所有患者均表现出持续的HCV病毒清除率。结论在某些情况下，可能的药物诱导的肝损伤和/或ART停药可能有助于增加HIV感染的CHC患者自发HCV清除的机会。