The growth of nonresponse rates for social science surveys has led to increased concern about the risk of nonresponse bias. Unfortunately, the nonresponse rate is a poor indicator of when nonresponse bias is likely to occur. We consider in this paper a set of alternative indicators. A large-scale simulation study is used to explore how each of these indicators performs in a variety of circumstances. Although, as expected, none of the indicators fully depicts the impact of nonresponse in survey esti mates, we discuss how they can be used when creating a plausible account of the risks for nonresponse bias for a survey. We also describe an interesting characteristic of the FMI that may be helpful in diagnosing NMAR mechanisms in certain situations.

中文翻译：

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无响应偏差风险的替代指标：模拟研究

社会科学调查无响应率的增长导致人们对无响应偏差风险的担忧增加。不幸的是，无响应率并不能很好地指示何时可能发生无响应偏差。我们在本文中考虑了一组替代指标。大规模模拟研究用于探索这些指标中的每一个在各种情况下的表现。尽管正如预期的那样，没有一个指标完全描述了调查估计中不答复的影响，但我们讨论了在为调查的不答复偏差风险创建合理说明时如何使用它们。我们还描述了 FMI 的一个有趣特征，它可能有助于在某些情况下诊断 NMAR 机制。