Reliance on glutamine has long been considered to be a hallmark of cancer cell metabolism. However, some recent studies have challenged this notion in vivo, prompting a need for further clarification of the role of glutamine metabolism in cancer. We find that there is ample evidence of an essential role for glutamine in tumors, and that a variety of factors, including tissue type, the underlying cancer genetics, the tumor microenvironment, and other variables such as diet and host physiology collectively influence the role of glutamine in cancer. Thus the requirements for glutamine in cancer are overall highly heterogeneous. In this review we discuss the implications both for basic science and for targeting glutamine metabolism in cancer therapy.

长期以来，对谷氨酰胺的依赖一直被认为是癌细胞代谢的标志。然而，最近的一些研究在体内挑战了这一概念，提示需要进一步阐明谷氨酰胺代谢在癌症中的作用。我们发现，有充分的证据表明谷氨酰胺在肿瘤中发挥重要作用，并且多种因素，包括组织类型、潜在的癌症遗传学、肿瘤微环境以及饮食和宿主生理学等其他变量，共同影响谷氨酰胺的作用。谷氨酰胺在癌症中的作用。因此，癌症中对谷氨酰胺的需求总体上是高度异质的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了对基础科学和癌症治疗中谷氨酰胺代谢目标的影响。