Significant progress has been made in recent years on the development of gravitational-wave detectors. Sources such as coalescing compact binary systems, neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries, stellar collapses and pulsars are all possible candidates for detection. The most promising design of gravitational-wave detector uses test masses a long distance apart and freely suspended as pendulums on Earth or in drag-free spacecraft. The main theme of this review is a discussion of the mechanical and optical principles used in the various long baseline systems in operation around the world — LIGO (USA), Virgo (Italy/France), TAMA300 and LCGT (Japan), and GEO600 (Germany/U.K.) — and in LISA, a proposed space-borne interferometer. A review of recent science runs from the current generation of ground-based detectors will be discussed, in addition to highlighting the astrophysical results gained thus far. Looking to the future, the major upgrades to LIGO (Advanced LIGO), Virgo (Advanced Virgo), LCGT and GEO600 (GEO-HF) will be completed over the coming years, which will create a network of detectors with the significantly improved sensitivity required to detect gravitational waves. Beyond this, the concept and design of possible future “third generation” gravitational-wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope (ET), will be discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过干涉测量法探测引力波（地面和空间）。

近年来，引力波探测器的发展取得了重大进展。诸如聚结致密双星系统、低质量 X 射线双星中的中子星、恒星塌缩和脉冲星等来源都是可能被探测到的候选源。最有前途的引力波探测器设计使用相距很远的测试质量，并作为摆锤自由悬挂在地球上或无阻力航天器中。本次审查的主题是讨论世界各地运行的各种长基线系统中使用的机械和光学原理——LIGO（美国）、Virgo（意大利/法国）、TAMA300 和 LCGT（日本）以及 GEO600（德国/英国）——以及 LISA，一种拟议的星载干涉仪。除了强调迄今为止获得的天体物理学结果之外，还将讨论对当前一代地面探测器的最新科学运行的回顾。展望未来，LIGO（高级LIGO）、Virgo（高级Virgo）、LCGT和GEO600（GEO-HF）的重大升级将在未来几年内完成，这将创建一个灵敏度显着提高的探测器网络来探测引力波。除此之外，还将讨论未来可能的“第三代”引力波探测器的概念和设计，例如爱因斯坦望远镜（ET）。