The liver lies at the intersection of multiple metabolic pathways and consequently plays a central role in lipid metabolism. Pathological disturbances in hepatic lipid metabolism are characteristic of chronic metabolic diseases, such as obesity-mediated insulin resistance, which can result in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Tissue damage induced in NAFLD activates and recruits liver-resident and non-resident immune cells, resulting in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Importantly, NASH is associated with an increased risk of significant clinical sequelae such as cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases, and malignancies. In this review, we describe the immunopathogenesis of NASH by defining the known functions of immune cells in the progression and resolution of disease.

中文翻译：

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非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的免疫状况

肝脏位于多个代谢途径的交叉点，因此在脂质代谢中起着核心作用。肝脏脂质代谢的病理紊乱是慢性代谢疾病的特征，如肥胖介导的胰岛素抵抗，可导致非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD)。NAFLD 中诱导的组织损伤会激活并招募肝脏驻留和非常驻免疫细胞，导致非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)。重要的是，NASH 与重大临床后遗症（如肝硬化、心血管疾病和恶性肿瘤）的风险增加有关。在这篇综述中，我们通过定义免疫细胞在疾病进展和消退中的已知功能来描述 NASH 的免疫发病机制。