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Uncovering the mechanisms of estrogen effects on hippocampal function
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2008-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.08.006
Joanna L Spencer 1 , Elizabeth M Waters , Russell D Romeo , Gwendolyn E Wood , Teresa A Milner , Bruce S McEwen
Affiliation  

Estrogens have direct effects on the brain areas controlling cognition. One of the most studied of these regions is the dorsal hippocampal formation, which governs the formation of spatial and episodic memories. In laboratory animals, most investigators report that estrogen enhances synaptic plasticity and improves performance on hippocampal-dependent cognitive behaviors. This review summarizes work conducted in our laboratory and others toward identifying estrogen's actions in the hippocampal formation, and the mechanisms for these actions. Physiologic and pharmacologic estrogen affects cognitive behavior in mammals, which may be applicable to human health and disease. The effects of estrogen in the hippocampal formation that lead to modulation of hippocampal function include effects on cell morphology, synapse formation, signaling, and excitability that have been studied in laboratory mice, rats, and primates. Finally, estrogen may signal through both nuclear and extranuclear hippocampal estrogen receptors to achieve its downstream effects.

中文翻译:

揭示雌激素对海马功能影响的机制

雌激素对控制认知的大脑区域有直接影响。这些区域中研究最多的区域之一是背侧海马结构,它控制着空间和情景记忆的形成。在实验动物中,大多数研究人员报告说,雌激素可增强突触可塑性并改善海马依赖性认知行为的表现。本综述总结了我们实验室和其他实验室为确定雌激素在海马体形成中的作用以及这些作用的机制而进行的工作。生理和药理学雌激素影响哺乳动物的认知行为,这可能适用于人类健康和疾病。雌激素在海马体形成中的作用会导致海马体功能的调节,包括对细胞形态、突触形成、信号传导、已在实验室小鼠、大鼠和灵长类动物中研究过的兴奋性。最后,雌激素可能通过核和核外海马雌激素受体发出信号以实现其下游效应。
更新日期:2008-05-01
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