We report on the effect of the morphological modification on optical properties and polarization of ZnO nanorods (NR). Here, the morphology and structure of the ZnO NR were modified by introducing different annealing temperatures. The increase of length and diameter and change in density of the ZnO NR were clearly observed by increasing the annealing temperature. We found that the samples show different oxygen vacancy (VO) and zinc interstitial (ZnI) concentrations. We suggest that the different concentrations of VO and ZnI are originated from morphological and structural modification. Our results reveal that optical absorption and polarization of ZnO NR could be enhanced by producing a high concentration of VO and ZnI. The modification of VO and ZnI promotes a decrease in the band gap and coexistence of high optical absorption and polarization in our ZnO NR. Our findings would give a broad insight into the morphological modification and characterization technique on ZnO NR. The high optical and polarization characteristics of ZnO NR are potential for developing the high-performance nanogenerator device for multitype energy harvesting.

中文翻译：

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ZnO纳米棒的形貌修饰与分析及其光学性质和偏振

我们报告了形态修饰对 ZnO 纳米棒 (NR) 光学性质和偏振的影响。这里，通过引入不同的退火温度来改变 ZnO NR 的形貌和结构。通过提高退火温度，可以清楚地观察到 ZnO NR 的长度和直径的增加以及密度的变化。我们发现样品显示出不同的氧空位 (VO) 和锌间隙 (ZnI) 浓度。我们认为不同浓度的 VO 和 ZnI 源于形态和结构修饰。我们的结果表明，通过产生高浓度的 VO 和 ZnI 可以增强 ZnO NR 的光吸收和偏振。VO 和 ZnI 的修饰促进了 ZnO NR 中带隙的减小以及高光吸收和偏振的共存。我们的研究结果将为 ZnO NR 的形态修饰和表征技术提供广泛的见解。ZnO NR 的高光学和偏振特性具有开发用于多种能量收集的高性能纳米发电机装置的潜力。