Refreshable Braille displays require many small diameter actuators to move the pins. The electrostrictive P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymer can provide the high strain and actuation force under modest electric fields that are required for this application. In this paper, we develop core-free tubular actuators and integrate them into a 3 × 2 Braille cell. The terpolymer films are solution cast, stretched to 6 μm thick, electroded, laminated into a bilayer, rolled into a 2 mm diameter tube, bonded, and provided with top and bottom contacts. Experimental testing of 17 actuators demonstrates significant strains (up to 4%) and blocking forces (1 N) at moderate electric fields (100 MV m-1). A novel Braille cell is designed and fabricated using six of these actuators.

中文翻译：

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使用 P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) 的盲文显示器的无芯滚动致动器

可刷新的盲文显示器需要许多小直径的致动器来移动销钉。电致伸缩 P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) 三元共聚物可以在此应用所需的适度电场下提供高应变和驱动力。在本文中，我们开发了无芯管状执行器并将它们集成到 3 × 2 盲文单元中。三元共聚物薄膜采用溶液浇铸、拉伸至 6 μm 厚、电极化、层压成双层、卷成直径为 2 mm 的管、粘合并提供顶部和底部触点。对 17 个执行器的实验测试表明，在中等电场 (100 MV m-1) 下会产生显着的应变（高达 4%）和阻塞力（1 N）。使用其中六个执行器设计和制造了一种新型盲文单元。