Cell replication is tightly controlled in normal tissues and aberrant during disease progression, such as in tumorigenesis. The replication of cells can be divided into four distinct phases: Gap 1 (G1), synthesis (S), gap 2 (G2), and mitosis (M). The progression from one phase to the next is intricately regulated and has many "checkpoints" that take into account cellular status and environmental cues. Among the modulators of cell cycle progression are specific nutrients, which function as energy sources or regulate the production and/or function of proteins needed to advance cells through a replicative cycle. In this review, we focus on the roles of specific nutrients (vitamin A, vitamin D, iron, folic acid, vitamin B12, zinc, and glucose) in the control of cell cycle progression and discuss how insights into the mechanisms by which these nutrients modulate this process can be and have been used to control aberrant cell growth in the treatment of prevalent pathologies.

中文翻译：

---

细胞周期进程的营养调节。

细胞复制在正常组织中受到严格控制，在疾病发展过程中（例如在肿瘤发生过程中）异常。细胞的复制可分为四个不同的阶段：间隙1（G1），合成（S），间隙2（G2）和有丝分裂（M）。从一个阶段到下一个阶段的过程受到严格控制，并具有许多考虑细胞状态和环境提示的“检查点”。在细胞周期进程的调节剂中有特定的营养素，其作为能量来源或调节使细胞通过复制周期前进所需的蛋白质的产生和/或功能。在这篇评论中，我们重点介绍特定营养素的作用（维生素A，维生素D，铁，叶酸，维生素B12，锌，