Pancreatic cancer is an almost universally fatal disease, with a five-year survival rate of 5%. Research into both sporadic and inherited forms of pancreatic cancer has yielded tremendous advances in the understanding of this disease at the molecular level. Elucidating genetic alterations in pancreatic cancer has identified various abnormalities ranging from gross chromosomal abnormalities to point mutations, many of which influence the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Identifying precursor lesions within pancreatic ducts has led to the formulation of a progression model of pancreatic cancer and subsequent identification of early- and late-stage changes leading to invasive cancer. Ultimately, understanding the genetic events underlying the development of pancreatic cancer may serve as a useful adjunct in the screening and treatment of patients suffering from, or at risk for, pancreatic cancer.

中文翻译：

---

胰腺癌的分子发病机制。

胰腺癌是一种几乎致命的疾病，五年生存率为5％。对散发性和遗传性胰腺癌的研究在分子水平上对这种疾病的理解取得了巨大进展。阐明胰腺癌的遗传变异已发现各种异常，从总体染色体异常到点突变，其中许多影响胰腺癌的发生和发展。鉴定胰腺导管内的前体病变已导致制定胰腺癌的进展模型，并随后鉴定导致浸润性癌症的早期和晚期变化。最终，