Nucleic acid-based technology is now at a point where the field of transfusion medicine is ready for its widespread application. In the donor center, genotyping of red blood cell (RBC) products provides phenotype-matched products for special patient populations or antigen-negative products for patients with alloantibodies. In the immunohematology reference laboratory, molecular technologies aid in discerning blood types in the situation of a typing discrepancy and improve pretransfusion RBC testing reagents. In the hospital transfusion service, genotyping patients aids in providing phenotype-matched RBC products. In prenatal testing, genotyping for RHD aids in the decision for Rh immune globulin prophylaxis and predicting risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Before genotyping is accepted as the universal standard for pretransfusion and donor testing, important limitations of this technology must be addressed, including the fact that the genotype does not always predict the phenotype and the need for creating the ideal high-throughput platform. Clinical trials are needed to answer important questions, and a donor and patient database is needed. A stepwise plan for progressive introduction into the donor centers and transfusion services must be established. In conclusion, the field of transfusion medicine is ready to expand the use of molecular diagnostics.

中文翻译：

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将用于红细胞分型和兼容性测试的分子技术集成到血液中心和输血服务中。

基于核酸的技术现在正处于输血医学领域准备广泛应用的时刻。在捐献者中心，红细胞（RBC）产品的基因分型为特殊患者群体提供表型匹配的产品，为同种抗体患者提供抗原阴性的产品。在免疫血液学参考实验室中，分子技术有助于识别类型差异情况下的血型，并改善输血前RBC测试试剂。在医院的输血服务中，对患者进行基因分型有助于提供与表型匹配的RBC产品。在产前测试中，对RHD进行基因分型有助于预防Rh免疫球蛋白，并预测胎儿和新生儿发生溶血性疾病的风险。在基因分型被视为输血前和供体测试的通用标准之前，必须解决该技术的重要局限性，包括基因型并不总是能预测表型的事实以及创建理想的高通量平台的需求。需要进行临床试验来回答重要问题，还需要一个供体和患者数据库。必须建立逐步引入捐助中心和输血服务的分阶段计划。总之，输血医学领域已准备好扩大分子诊断学的应用。需要进行临床试验来回答重要问题，还需要一个供体和患者数据库。必须建立逐步引入捐助中心和输血服务的分阶段计划。总之，输血医学领域已准备好扩大分子诊断学的应用。需要进行临床试验来回答重要问题，还需要一个供体和患者数据库。必须建立逐步引入捐助中心和输血服务的分阶段计划。总之，输血医学领域已准备好扩大分子诊断学的应用。