Abstract Herpes simplex viruses are evolutionarily ancient and ubiquitous. In the past 20 years, there has been increasing recognition of a worldwide pandemic of HSV-2 infection. Moreover, HSV-2 prevalence has increased despite fairly widespread use of antiviral drugs for HSV. The success of HSV-1 and HSV-2 stems from latency within long-lived neurons and frequent mucocutaneous shedding. The generally mild medical consequences of HSV infection reflect a functional equilibrium between host and microbe in most immunocompetent persons. However, significant gaps in our knowledge of the correlates of disease severity and HSV immune evasion are limiting rational advances in these areas. Human genetic studies are gradually outlining important innate responses, while recent imaging and biopsy studies have begun to show that the temporal and spatial anatomic interplay between virus reactivation and host immune response may be important in reactivations and disease expression.

中文翻译：

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单纯疱疹：对发病机理和可能的疫苗的见解。

摘要单纯疱疹病毒在进化上古老且无处不在。在过去的20年中，人们越来越认识到全球范围内的HSV-2感染大流行。此外，尽管抗病毒药物在HSV中的使用相当广泛，但HSV-2的患病率仍在增加。HSV-1和HSV-2的成功源于长寿神经元内的潜伏期和频繁的粘膜皮肤脱落。HSV感染的一般轻微医学后果反映了大多数免疫能力强的人体内宿主与微生物之间的功能平衡。但是，我们对疾病严重程度和HSV免疫逃逸的相关性的认识上的巨大差距限制了这些领域的合理发展。人类基因研究正在逐渐概述重要的先天反应，