Heat is an environmental and occupational hazard. The prevention of deaths in the community caused by extreme high temperatures (heat waves) is now an issue of public health concern. The risk of heat-related mortality increases with natural aging, but persons with particular social and/or physical vulnerability are also at risk. Important differences in vulnerability exist between populations, depending on climate, culture, infrastructure (housing), and other factors. Public health measures include health promotion and heat wave warning systems, but the effectiveness of acute measures in response to heat waves has not yet been formally evaluated. Climate change will increase the frequency and the intensity of heat waves, and a range of measures, including improvements to housing, management of chronic diseases, and institutional care of the elderly and the vulnerable, will need to be developed to reduce health impacts.

中文翻译：

---

热应激和公共卫生：重要评论。

热是对环境和职业的危害。预防极端高温（热浪）在社区造成的死亡现在是公共卫生关注的问题。与热相关的死亡的风险随着自然衰老而增加，但具有特殊社会和/或身体脆弱性的人也处于危险之中。人口之间在脆弱性方面存在重要差异，具体取决于气候，文化，基础设施（房屋）和其他因素。公共卫生措施包括促进健康和热浪预警系统，但是尚未正式评估针对热浪的急性措施的有效性。气候变化将增加热浪的频率和强度，并采取一系列措施，包括改善住房，控制慢性病，