Virus replication and virus assembly often occur in virus inclusions or virus factories that form at pericentriolar sites close to the microtubule organizing center or in specialized nuclear domains called ND10/PML bodies. Similar inclusions called aggresomes form in response to protein aggregation. Protein aggregates are toxic to cells and are transported along microtubules to aggresomes for immobilization and subsequent degradation by proteasomes and/or autophagy. The similarity between aggresomes and virus inclusions raises the possibility that viruses use aggresome pathways to concentrate cellular and viral proteins to facilitate replication and assembly. Alternatively, aggresomes may be part of an innate cellular response that recognizes virus components as foreign or misfolded and targets them for storage and degradation. Insights into the possible roles played by aggresomes during virus assembly are emerging from an understanding of how virus inclusions form and how viral proteins are targeted to them.

中文翻译：

---

病毒装配的聚集体和中心小周部位：细胞防御还是病毒设计？

病毒复制和病毒组装通常发生在病毒包裹体或病毒工厂中，这些病毒或病毒工厂形成在靠近微管组织中心的中心小周部位或称为ND10 / PML体的特殊核域中。响应蛋白聚集，形成称为聚集体的类似内含物。蛋白质聚集体对细胞有毒，并沿微管运输至聚集体，以固定并随后通过蛋白酶体和/或自噬降解。聚集体和病毒包涵体之间的相似性增加了病毒使用聚集体途径浓缩细胞和病毒蛋白以促进复制和组装的可能性。或者，聚集体可能是先天细胞反应的一部分，该反应将病毒成分识别为外来或错误折叠，并将它们作为目标进行储存和降解。