Schizotypal personality research holds the promise of critically important insights into the etiology and ultimate prevention of schizophrenia. This article provides a critical overview of diagnostic, developmental, demographic, psychosocial, genetic, neurodevelopmental, psychophysiological, neurochemical, neurocognitive, brain imaging, and prevention-treatment issues pertaining to this personality disorder. It is argued that genetic and early environmental influences act in concert to alter brain structure/function throughout development, resulting in disturbances to basic cognitive and affective processes that give rise to three building blocks of schizotypy-cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized features. Two clinical subtypes are hypothesized: (a) neurodevelopmental schizotypy, which has its roots in genetic, prenatal, and early postnatal factors, is relatively stable, has genetic affinity to schizophrenia, and may benefit preferentially from pharmacological intervention, and (b) pseudoschizotypy, which is unrelated to schizophrenia, has its roots in psychosocial adversity, shows greater symptom fluctuations, and may be more responsive to psychosocial intervention.

中文翻译：

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分裂型人格：神经发育和社会心理轨迹。

精神分裂症人格研究有望为精神分裂症的病因学和最终预防提供至关重要的见解。本文提供了与该人格障碍有关的诊断，发育，人口统计学，社会心理，遗传，神经发育，心理生理学，神经化学，神经认知，脑成像以及预防治疗问题的综述。有人认为，遗传和早期环境影响共同作用，在整个发育过程中改变大脑结构/功能，导致对基本认知和情感过程的干扰，从而导致了精神分裂症-认知-感知，人际关系和无序特征的三个构建块。假设有两种临床亚型：（a）神经发育分裂型，起源于遗传，产前，