Although the role of biotin in metabolic reactions has long been recognized, its influence on transcription has only recently been discovered. A key protein in biotin-mediated transcription regulation is the biotin protein ligase, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing covalent linkage of the vitamin to biotin-dependent carboxylases. In the biotin regulatory system of Escherichia coli, the best characterized of the biotin-sensing systems, the biotin protein ligase functions both as the biotinylating enzyme and as a transcription repressor. Detailed mechanistic studies of this system are reviewed. In addition, recent studies have revealed other biotin-sensing systems in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. These systems and the central role of the biotin protein ligase in each are also reviewed.

中文翻译：

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生物素传感：生物素状态对转录的普遍影响。

尽管人们早已认识到生物素在代谢反应中的作用，但直到最近才发现其对转录的影响。生物素介导的转录调控中的关键蛋白是生物素蛋白连接酶，该酶负责催化维生素与生物素依赖性羧化酶的共价连接。在大肠杆菌的生物素调节系统中，生物素传感系统最有特色，生物素蛋白连接酶既充当生物素化酶又充当转录阻遏物。对该系统的详细机械研究进行了回顾。此外，最近的研究揭示了从细菌到人类的生物体中的其他生物素传感系统。还回顾了这些系统以及生物素蛋白连接酶在每种系统中的核心作用。