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Transport of sequence-specific RNA interference information between cells.
Annual Review of Genetics ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2007-01-01 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130216
Antony M Jose 1 , Craig P Hunter
Affiliation  

When eukaryotic cells encounter double-stranded RNA, genes of matching sequence are silenced through RNA interference. Surprisingly, in some animals and plants, the same gene is specifically silenced even in cells that did not encounter the double-stranded RNA, due to the transport of a gene-specific silencing signal between cells. This silencing signal likely has an RNA component that gives it sequence-specificity, however its precise identity remains unknown. Studies in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans and in plants have revealed parts of a complex protein machinery that transports this silencing signal. Some of these proteins are conserved in vertebrates, including mammals, raising the possibility that higher animals can communicate gene-specific silencing information between cells. Such communication provides antiviral immunity in plants and perhaps in C. elegans. Identifying the transported silencing signal and deciphering the evolutionarily selected role of the transport machinery are some of the key challenges for the future.

中文翻译:

序列特异性RNA干扰信息在细胞之间的运输。

当真核细胞遇到双链RNA时,匹配序列的基因会通过RNA干扰而沉默。出乎意料的是,在某些动植物中,由于基因特异性沉默信号在细胞之间的传递,即使在未遇到双链RNA的细胞中,同一基因也被特异性沉默。该沉默信号可能具有赋予其序列特异性的RNA成分,但是其确切身份仍然未知。在线虫秀丽隐杆线虫和植物中的研究表明,复杂的蛋白质机制的一部分传递了这种沉默信号。这些蛋白质中的一些在包括哺乳动物在内的脊椎动物中是保守的,这增加了高等动物可以在细胞之间传递基因特异性沉默信息的可能性。此类交流可在植物甚至秀丽隐杆线虫中提供抗病毒免疫力。识别传输的沉默信号并破译运输机械的进化选择角色是未来​​的一些关键挑战。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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