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Annual Review of Phytopathology ( IF 10.2 ) Pub Date : 2007-03-16 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094415
R James Cook 1
Affiliation  

My job at Pullman, Washington, starting in 1965, was to control the root diseases of wheat and barley, focusing first on fusarium root and crown rot, then including take-all and pythium and rhizoctonia root rots. In the absence of viable alternatives, the agronomic approaches used were implemented through design of cereal-based cropping systems. Starting in the late 1970s, the mission focused further on cereal-intensive direct-seed (no-till) cropping systems. A team effort demonstrated the role of indigenous antibiotic-producing fluorescent pseudomonads in the widespread decline of take-all in response to monoculture wheat (or barley-wheat sequences). Today, the suppression of take-all by these beneficial rhizobacteria is the centerpiece of an integrated system that augments take-all decline while limiting pythium and rhizoctonia root rots and fusarium root and crown rot in direct-seed systems. In such systems, "crop rotation" takes the form of different sequences of winter and spring wheat, barley and triticale varieties, and market classes, all susceptible to all four root diseases.

中文翻译:

再告诉我你是做什么的。

从1965年开始,我在华盛顿州普尔曼的工作是控制小麦和大麦的根部疾病,首先关注镰刀菌根和冠腐病,然后再处理全麦,腐霉和根瘤菌根腐病。在没有可行的替代方案的情况下,所采用的农艺方法是通过设计谷物种植系统来实施的。从1970年代后期开始,任务进一步集中于谷物密集型直接播种(免耕)种植系统。一个团队的努力表明,在对单一栽培小麦(或大麦小麦序列)的反应中,产生本地抗生素的荧光假单胞菌在全食的普遍下降中起着作用。今天,这些有益的根瘤菌对通吃的抑制是一个集成系统的核心,该系统既可以增加通吃的下降,又可以限制直接播种系统中的腐霉菌和根瘤菌根腐病以及镰刀菌根和冠腐病。在这样的系统中,“轮作”采取的是冬小麦和春小麦,大麦和黑小麦品种以及市场类别的不同序列,它们都容易受所有四种根系疾病的影响。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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