Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the two idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), affect almost two million individuals in North America and several million worldwide. Cytokines are important in the pathogenesis of CD, and their manipulation has successfully reduced disease severity and maintained remission. Following the discovery of novel cytokines and the role they may play in gut mucosal immunity, as well as the emergence of new concepts and changing paradigms in CD pathogenesis, the roles of several cytokines have been elucidated and tested in both preclinical animal models and clinical trials of patients with IBD. Complementary to this, proof of concept for new cytokine targets is rapidly developing, with the possibility of future cytokine-based therapies that may offer greater specificity and decreased toxicity for the treatment of CD. This review discusses novel concepts in CD pathogenesis and the roles of cytokines in the initiation and perpetuation of disease. In addition, we review applications of cytokine-based therapies in human clinical trials and preclinical animal studies. Finally, we discuss novel cytokine targets not yet investigated in vivo and describe their potential contribution to CD pathogenesis.

中文翻译：

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细胞因子治疗克罗恩氏病：转化研究的进展。

克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是两种特发性炎症性肠病（IBD），在北美影响近200万人，在全球范围影响数百万。细胞因子在CD的发病机理中很重要，其操纵已成功降低了疾病的严重程度并保持了缓解。在发现新的细胞因子及其在肠道粘膜免疫中可能发挥的作用，以及出现新概念和改变CD发病机制的范例之后，已在临床前动物模型和临床试验中阐明并测试了几种细胞因子的作用。 IBD患者。与此相辅相成的是，新的细胞因子靶标的概念验证正在迅速发展，将来有可能基于细胞因子的疗法为CD治疗提供更高的特异性和更低的毒性。这篇综述讨论了CD发病机理中的新概念以及细胞因子在疾病的起始和永存中的作用。此外，我们回顾了基于细胞因子的疗法在人类临床试验和临床前动物研究中的应用。最后，我们讨论了尚未在体内进行研究的新型细胞因子靶标，并描述了它们对CD发病机理的潜在贡献。