Health impact assessment (HIA)--a combination of methods to examine formally the potential health effects of a proposed policy, program, or project--has received considerable interest over the past decade internationally as a practical mechanism for collaborating with other sectors to address the environmental determinants of health and to achieve more effectively the goals of population health promotion. Demand for HIA in the United States seems to be growing. This review outlines the common principles and methodologies of HIA and compares different approaches to HIA. Lessons learned from the related field of environmental impact assessment and from experience with HIA in other countries are examined. Possible avenues for advancing both the field and the broader goals of population health promotion are outlined.

中文翻译：

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健康影响评估：一种工具，可帮助决策者了解医疗保健以外的健康状况。

健康影响评估（HIA）是一种正式检查拟议的政策，计划或项目的潜在健康影响的方法的组合，在过去的十年中，作为与其他部门合作解决问题的实用机制，国际上已经引起了广泛关注健康的环境决定因素，并更有效地实现促进人口健康的目标。美国对HIA的需求似乎正在增长。这篇综述概述了HIA的通用原理和方法，并比较了HIA的不同方法。对从环境影响评估的相关领域以及其他国家的HIA经验中吸取的教训进行了研究。概述了促进人口健康促进这一领域和更广泛目标的可能途径。