Over the past several decades, breeding cool-season turfgrasses for improved disease resistance has been the focus of many turfgrass breeding programs. This review article discusses the dramatic improvements made in breeding Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) for resistance to leaf spot (caused by Drechslera poae), stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis), and stripe smut (caused by Ustilago striiformis); perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) for resistance to gray leaf spot (caused by Pyricularia grisea), stem rust and crown rust (caused by Puccinia coronata); tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) for resistance to brown patch (Rhizoctonia solani) and stem rust; creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) for resistance to dollar spot (caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa); and fine fescues (Festuca spp.) for improved disease resistance. Historically, the dramatic improvements in disease resistance of the cool-season grasses have been attributed to traditional/conventional breeding techniques; however, it is likely that functional genomics and molecular techniques will play a more significant role in the development of cultivated turfgrasses as the specific genes and mechanisms for disease resistance are identified in the future.

中文翻译：

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在主要的凉季草坪草中进行抗病育种。

在过去的几十年中，许多季节的草皮草育种计划都着重于培育凉爽的草皮草以提高抗病能力。这篇综述文章讨论了肯塔基州早熟禾（Poa pratensis）的育种在叶斑病（由Drechslera poae引起），茎锈病（由Puccinia graminis引起）和条纹黑穗病（Ustilago striiformis引起）的抗性方面的显着改进；多年生黑麦草（黑麦草），用于抵抗灰叶斑病（由稻瘟病引起），茎锈和冠锈病（由冠锈病引起）；高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea），可抵抗棕色斑块（Rhizoctonia solani）和茎锈病；bent草（Agrostis stolonifera）对美元斑的抵抗力（由菌核菌（Scolerotinia homoeocarpa）造成）；和细羊茅（Festuca spp。）可提高抗病能力。历史上，传统/常规育种技术使凉季草的抗病性有了显着提高；然而，功能基因组学和分子技术可能会在种植草坪草的发展中发挥更重要的作用，因为将来会确定出抗病的具体基因和机制。