Work is integral to human functioning, and all psychologists need to understand the role of work in people's lives. Understanding factors influencing work choices and helping individuals effectively make career decisions is the focus of vocational psychologists. However, external changes, such as shifts in the economy and labor force, as well as initiatives within the field are challenging the assumptions within vocational psychology. This chapter reviews the empirical work since 1995 in four areas: (a) what factors influence career choices, (b) how people make career decisions, (c) how context influences career choices, and (d) effective interventions for help with the first three questions. The review focuses first on vocational psychology's rich tradition of theoretically driven research, and then discusses research in career development that crosses a number of theoretical approaches, and finally identifies the assumptions in the field and questions for future examination.

中文翻译：

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工作和职业心理学：理论，研究和应用。

工作是人类功能不可或缺的一部分，所有心理学家都需要了解工作在人们生活中的作用。了解影响工作选择的因素并帮助个人有效地做出职业决策是职业心理学家的重点。但是，外部变化，例如经济和劳动力的转移以及该领域内的举措，正在挑战职业心理学中的假设。本章回顾了自1995年以来的四个方面的实证工作：（a）哪些因素影响职业选择，（b）人们如何做出职业决定，（c）背景如何影响职业选择，以及（d）有效的干预措施以帮助获得第一个三个问题。这篇评论首先着重于职业心理学在理论驱动研究方面的丰富传统，