Research in the effects of climate change on plant disease continues to be limited, but some striking progress has been made. At the genomic level, advances in technologies for the high-throughput analysis of gene expression have made it possible to begin discriminating responses to different biotic and abiotic stressors and potential trade-offs in responses. At the scale of the individual plant, enough experiments have been performed to begin synthesizing the effects of climate variables on infection rates, though pathosystem-specific characteristics make synthesis challenging. Models of plant disease have now been developed to incorporate more sophisticated climate predictions. At the population level, the adaptive potential of plant and pathogen populations may prove to be one of the most important predictors of the magnitude of climate change effects. Ecosystem ecologists are now addressing the role of plant disease in ecosystem processes and the challenge of scaling up from individual infection probabilities to epidemics and broader impacts.

中文翻译：

---

气候变化对植物病害的影响：从基因组到生态系统。

气候变化对植物病害影响的研究仍然有限，但已经取得了一些惊人的进展。在基因组水平上，用于基因表达的高通量分析技术的进步使得有可能开始区分对不同生物和非生物应激源的反应以及潜在的权衡取舍。在单个植物的规模上，已经进行了足够的实验以开始综合气候变量对感染率的影响，尽管特定于病理系统的特征使合成面临挑战。现在已经开发出植物病害模型，以纳入更复杂的气候预测。在人口层面，植物和病原体种群的适应潜力可能被证明是气候变化影响程度最重要的指标之一。生态系统生态学家现在正在解决植物病害在生态系统过程中的作用，以及从个体感染可能性扩大到流行病和更广泛影响的挑战。