There is very limited information on the biotransformation of organochlorine pesticide chlordane by microorganisms, and no systematic study on the metabolic products and pathways for chlordane transformation by wood-rot fungi has been conducted. In this study, trans-chlordane was metabolized with the wood-rot fungi species Phlebia lindtneri, Phlebia brevispora and Phlebia aurea, which are capable of degrading polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and heptachlor epoxide. At the end of 42 days of incubation, over 50% of trans-chlordane was degraded by the fungal treatments in pure cultures. These fungi transformed trans-chlordane to at least eleven metabolites including a large amount of hydroxylated products such as 3-hydroxychlordane, chlordene chlorohydrin, heptachlor diol, monohydroxychlordene and dihydroxychlordene. P. lindtneri particularly can metabolize oxychlordane, a recalcitrant epoxide product of chlordane, into a hydroxylated product through substitution of chlorine atom by hydroxyl group. The present results suggest that hydroxylation reactions play an important role in the metabolism of trans-chlordane by these Phlebia species. Additionally, transformation of trans-chlordane and production of hydroxylated metabolites were efficiently inhibited by the addition of cytochrome P450 inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide and 1-aminobenzotriazole, demonstrating that fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved in some steps of trans-chlordane metabolism, particularly in the hydroxylation process.

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木腐菌对有机氯农药反式氯丹的生物转化

关于微生物对有机氯农药氯丹的生物转化的信息非常有限，也没有对木腐真菌转化氯丹的代谢产物和途径进行系统研究。在这项研究中，反式氯丹被木腐真菌 Phlebia lindtneri、Phlebia brevispora 和 Phlebia aurea 代谢，它们能够降解多氯二苯并对二恶英和七氯环氧化物。在培养 42 天结束时，超过 50% 的反式氯丹在纯培养物中被真菌处理降解。这些真菌将反式氯丹转化为至少 11 种代谢物，包括大量的羟基化产物，如 3-羟基氯丹、氯代氯醇、七氯二醇、单羟基氯和二羟基氯。P。lindtneri 尤其可以通过羟基取代氯原子，将氯丹的顽固环氧化物产物氧氯丹代谢成羟基化产物。目前的结果表明，羟基化反应在这些 Phlebia 物种的反式氯丹代谢中起重要作用。此外，通过添加细胞色素 P450 抑制剂、胡椒基丁醇和 1-氨基苯并三唑，可有效抑制反式氯丹的转化和羟基化代谢物的产生，这表明真菌细胞色素 P450 酶参与了反式氯丹代谢的某些步骤，尤其是在羟基化过程。目前的结果表明，羟基化反应在这些 Phlebia 物种的反式氯丹代谢中起重要作用。此外，通过添加细胞色素 P450 抑制剂、胡椒基丁醇和 1-氨基苯并三唑，可有效抑制反式氯丹的转化和羟基化代谢物的产生，这表明真菌细胞色素 P450 酶参与了反式氯丹代谢的某些步骤，尤其是在羟基化过程。目前的结果表明，羟基化反应在这些 Phlebia 物种的反式氯丹代谢中起重要作用。此外，通过添加细胞色素 P450 抑制剂、胡椒基丁醇和 1-氨基苯并三唑，可有效抑制反式氯丹的转化和羟基化代谢物的产生，这表明真菌细胞色素 P450 酶参与了反式氯丹代谢的某些步骤，尤其是在羟基化过程。