The intraneuronal accumulation of the microtubule associated protein tau in a hyperphosphorylated state and the extracellular deposit of ßamyloid protein constitute the defining neuropathological signature of Alzheimer's disease, the most common type of dementia in ageing Homo sapiens.There is accumulating evidence suggesting that transplantation of embryonic and adult derived neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) has a major role for cell based repair strategies in models of acute and chronic injury. In order to determine whether NPCs could rescue tau related neuronal cell death NPCs were transplanted into the transgenic mouse cortex of transgenic mice expressing human P301S tau protein at 2 month of age and the effect followed 2 and 3 months after transplantation. The results demonstrated that following transplantation mouse NPCs differentiated into astrocytes and exerted a neuroprotective effect. In particular, the expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor was increased near the transplanted cells. A nonsignificant increase of brain derived neurotrophic factor expression was instead found in the area of the cortex where neuronal death was rescued.

中文翻译：

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神经元前体细胞释放生长因子以治疗tau病理疾病。

微管相关蛋白tau在神经元内的高磷酸化积累和β淀粉样蛋白的细胞外沉积构成了阿尔茨海默氏病的定义性神经病理学特征，阿尔茨海默氏病是智人衰老中最常见的痴呆类型。成人来源的神经元前体细胞（NPC）在急性和慢性损伤模型中，基于细胞的修复策略具有重要作用。为了确定NPCs是否能挽救tau相关的神经元细胞死亡，将NPCs移植到表达人P301S tau蛋白的转基因小鼠的转基因小鼠皮层中，其年龄在2个月大，移植后2个月和3个月开始。结果表明，移植后小鼠NPC分化为星形胶质细胞并发挥了神经保护作用。特别地，在移植细胞附近，睫状神经营养因子，神经生长因子和神经胶质细胞源性神经营养因子的表达增加。取而代之的是在挽救了神经元死亡的皮层区域中发现了脑源性神经营养因子表达的无明显增加。