Sensory impairment is defined as the inability to interpret outside stimuli such as visual, auditory, verbal, sense of touch, taste or smell or feelings of pain. This leads to absence of sensation and neuronal coordination. The impairment may be caused by ageing and other physiological changes, accident or injuries or can be found in some cases of mental retardation (MR) also referred to as intellectual disability. Known cases of MR involving inability to accurately interpret an outside source or stimuli are: Fragile-X syndrome; Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) with associated autism spectrum disorder (ASD); Rett syndrome; Autism and ASD with or without MR; Chromosome 22q13.3 deletion syndrome; familial dysautonomia, Prader-Willi's syndrome, Williams syndrome. In this review we will discuss in particular form of ASD and altered sensory sensitivity. The role of NGF in causing pronociceptive activity and its role in peripheral sensitisation is discussed under the light of its involvement in forms of MR where loss of pain perception is a main feature due to mutations to NGF receptors or NGF genes during development. Other forms of MR with altered sensory impairment will be considered as well as additional potential mechanisms involved.

中文翻译：

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智力低下的感觉障碍：NGF的潜在作用。

感觉障碍定义为无法解释外部刺激，例如视觉，听觉，言语，触觉，味觉或气味或疼痛感。这导致缺乏感觉和神经元协调。这种损害可能是由衰老和其他生理变化，事故或伤害引起的，也可能是在智力低下（MR）的某些情况下，也称为智力残疾。涉及无法准确解释外部来源或刺激的MR的已知病例包括：Fragile-X综合征；结节性硬化症（TSC）伴有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）；雷特综合征 有或没有MR的自闭症和ASD；染色体22q13.3缺失综合征; 家族性自主神经失调，普拉德-威利综合症，威廉姆斯综合症。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论特别形式的ASD和改变的感觉敏感性。根据NGF参与MR的形式，讨论了NGF引起的感受感受活性的作用及其在外周致敏中的作用，其中由于发育过程中NGF受体或NGF基因的突变，疼痛感丧失是主要特征。将考虑其他形式的MR伴有感觉障碍的改变以及涉及的其他潜在机制。