BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is related to many morbidities but the evidence of its link with depression in adolescents needs further investigation in view of the existing conflicting reports. METHODS The data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 1,100 Nigerian adolescents aged 12-17 years. Depressive symptomatology and physical activity were assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Physical Activity Questionnaire-Adolescent version (PAQ-A) respectively. Independent t tests, Pearson's Moment Correlation and Multi-level logistic regression analyses for individual and school area influences were carried out on the data at p < 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 15.20 ± 1.435 years. The prevalence of mild to moderate depression was 23.8%, definite depression was 5.7% and low physical activity was 53.8%. More severe depressive symptoms were linked with lower levels of physical activity (r = -0.82, p < 0.001) and moderate physical activity was linked with reduced risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.29-0.71). The odds of having depressive symptoms were higher in older adolescents (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.81-3.44) and in females (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.82-3.54). Females had a higher risk of low physical activity than male adolescents (OR = 2.91, 95% CI = 1.51-4.26). Being in Senior Secondary class three was a significant predictor of depressive symptoms (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.55-4.37) and low physical activity. CONCLUSIONS A sizable burden of depression and low physical activity existed among the studied adolescents and these were linked to both individual and school factors. Future studies should examine the effects of physical activity among clinical samples of adolescents with depression.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚青少年样本的抑郁和身体活动：水平、关系和预测因素。

背景 缺乏身体活动与许多疾病有关，但鉴于现有的相互矛盾的报告，需要进一步调查其与青少年抑郁症相关的证据。方法 这项横断面研究的数据来自 1,100 名 12-17 岁的尼日利亚青少年。抑郁症状和体力活动分别使用儿童抑郁量表 (CDI) 和体力活动问卷 - 青少年版 (PAQ-A) 进行评估。对个人和学校区域影响的独立 t 检验、Pearson 矩相关性和多级逻辑回归分析在 p < 0.05 的数据上进行。结果 参与者的平均年龄为 15.20 ± 1.435 岁。轻度至中度抑郁症患病率为23.8%，确定性抑郁症为5。7%，低体力活动为 53.8%。更严重的抑郁症状与较低水平的体力活动相关（r = -0.82，p < 0.001），中等体力活动与抑郁症状风险降低相关（OR = 0.42，95% CI = 0.29-0.71）。年龄较大的青少年 (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.81-3.44) 和女性 (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.82-3.54) 出现抑郁症状的几率更高。女性比男性青少年有更高的体力活动风险（OR = 2.91，95% CI = 1.51-4.26）。高中三年级是抑郁症状 (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.55-4.37) 和低体力活动的重要预测因素。结论 所研究的青少年中存在相当大的抑郁负担和低体力活动，这些都与个人和学校因素有关。