Anti-NMDA-Receptor encephalitis is a severe form of encephalitis that was recently identified in the context of acute neuropsychiatric presentation. Here, we describe the case of a 17-year-old girl referred for an acute mania with psychotic features and a clinical picture deteriorated to a catatonic state. Positive diagnosis of anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis suggested specific treatment. She improved after plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy. Post-cognitive sequelae (memory impairment) disappeared within 2-year follow-up and intensive cognitive rehabilitation.

中文翻译：

---

一名 17 岁女孩因抗 NMDA 受体脑炎引起的恶性紧张症：病例报告。

抗 NMDA 受体脑炎是一种严重的脑炎形式，最近在急性神经精神病学表现的背景下被发现。在这里，我们描述了一个 17 岁女孩的案例，她因具有精神病特征的急性躁狂症而被转诊，并且临床图片恶化为紧张状态。抗 NMDA 受体脑炎的阳性诊断建议特殊治疗。她在血浆置换和免疫抑制治疗后好转。认知后后遗症（记忆障碍）在 2 年的随访和强化认知康复中消失。