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Updating action domain descriptions
Artificial Intelligence ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2010-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.artint.2010.07.004
Thomas Eiter 1 , Esra Erdem , Michael Fink , Ján Senko
Affiliation  

Incorporating new information into a knowledge base is an important problem which has been widely investigated. In this paper, we study this problem in a formal framework for reasoning about actions and change. In this framework, action domains are described in an action language whose semantics is based on the notion of causality. Unlike the formalisms considered in the related work, this language allows straightforward representation of non-deterministic effects and indirect effects of (possibly concurrent) actions, as well as state constraints; therefore, the updates can be more general than elementary statements. The expressivity of this formalism allows us to study the update of an action domain description with a more general approach compared to related work. First of all, we consider the update of an action description with respect to further criteria, for instance, by ensuring that the updated description entails some observations, assertions, or general domain properties that constitute further constraints that are not expressible in an action description in general. Moreover, our framework allows us to discriminate amongst alternative updates of action domain descriptions and to single out a most preferable one, based on a given preference relation possibly dependent on the specified criteria. We study semantic and computational aspects of the update problem, and establish basic properties of updates as well as a decomposition theorem that gives rise to a divide and conquer approach to updating action descriptions under certain conditions. Furthermore, we study the computational complexity of decision problems around computing solutions, both for the generic setting and for two particular preference relations, viz. set-inclusion and weight-based preference. While deciding the existence of solutions and recognizing solutions are PSPACE-complete problems in general, the problems fall back into the polynomial hierarchy under restrictions on the additional constraints. We finally discuss methods to compute solutions and approximate solutions (which disregard preference). Our results provide a semantic and computational basis for developing systems that incorporate new information into action domain descriptions in an action language, in the presence of additional constraints.

中文翻译:

更新操作域描述

将新信息纳入知识库是一个被广泛研究的重要问题。在本文中,我们在一个正式的框架中研究这个问题,用于推理行动和变化。在这个框架中,动作域是用一种动作语言来描述的,动作语言的语义基于因果关系的概念。与相关工作中考虑的形式主义不同,这种语言允许直接表示(可能并发)动作的非确定性影响和间接影响,以及状态约束;因此,更新可以比基本语句更通用。与相关工作相比,这种形式主义的表现力使我们能够使用更通用的方法研究动作域描述的更新。首先,我们考虑关于进一步标准的动作描述的更新,例如,通过确保更新的描述需要一些观察、断言或一般域属性,这些属性构成了通常在动作描述中无法表达的进一步约束。此外,我们的框架允许我们区分动作域描述的替代更新,并根据可能依赖于指定标准的给定偏好关系挑选出最优选的更新。我们研究更新问题的语义和计算方面,并建立更新的基本属性以及分解定理,该定理产生了在某些条件下更新动作描述的分而治之的方法。此外,我们研究围绕计算解决方案的决策问题的计算复杂性,包括通用设置和两个特定偏好关系,即。集合包含和基于权重的偏好。虽然确定解的存在性和识别解通常是 PSPACE 完全问题,但在附加约束的限制下,这些问题会回到多项式层次结构中。我们最后讨论了计算解和近似解的方法(无视偏好)。我们的结果为开发系统提供了语义和计算基础,这些系统在存在额外约束的情况下,将新信息合并到动作语言中的动作域描述中。集合包含和基于权重的偏好。虽然确定解的存在性和识别解通常是 PSPACE 完全问题,但在附加约束的限制下,这些问题又回到了多项式层次结构中。我们最后讨论了计算解和近似解的方法(无视偏好)。我们的结果为开发系统提供了语义和计算基础,这些系统在存在额外约束的情况下,将新信息合并到动作语言中的动作域描述中。集合包含和基于权重的偏好。虽然确定解的存在性和识别解通常是 PSPACE 完全问题,但在附加约束的限制下,这些问题会回到多项式层次结构中。我们最后讨论了计算解和近似解的方法(无视偏好)。我们的结果为开发系统提供了语义和计算基础,这些系统在存在额外约束的情况下,将新信息合并到动作语言中的动作域描述中。我们最后讨论了计算解和近似解的方法(无视偏好)。我们的结果为开发系统提供了语义和计算基础,这些系统在存在额外约束的情况下,将新信息合并到动作语言中的动作域描述中。我们最后讨论了计算解和近似解的方法(无视偏好)。我们的结果为开发系统提供了语义和计算基础,这些系统在存在额外约束的情况下,将新信息合并到动作语言中的动作域描述中。
更新日期:2010-10-01
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