Spores of many fungal pathogens are dispersed by wind. Detection of these airborne inocula is important in forecasting both the onset and the risk of epiphytotics. Species-specific primers targeted at the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region ofLeptosphaeria maculans andL. biglobosa — the causal organisms of phoma stem canker and stem lesions ofBrassica spp., including oilseed rape — were used to detect DNA extracted from particles deposited on tapes obtained from a spore trap operated in Rarwino (northwest Poland) from September to November in 2004 and 2006. The quantities of DNA assessed by traditional end-point PCR and quantitative real-time PCR were compared to microscopic counts of airborne ascospores. Results of this study showed that fluctuations in timing of ascospore release corresponded to the dynamics of combined concentrations of DNA fromL. maculans andL. biglobosa, with significant positive correlations between ascospore number and DNA yield. Thus the utilization of PCR-based molecular diagnostic techniques enabled the detection, identification, and accurate quantification of airborne inoculum at the species level. Moreover, real-time PCR was more sensitive than traditional PCR, especially in years with low ascospore numbers.

中文翻译：

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通过光学显微镜和分子技术分析 Leptosphaeria maculans 和 L.biglobosa 子囊孢子的空气样本。

许多真菌病原体的孢子被风吹散。检测这些空气中的接种物对于预测附生植物的发病和风险都很重要。针对Leptosphaeria maculans和L. biglobosa的内部转录间隔区 (ITS) 区域的物种特异性引物- phoma茎溃疡病和芸苔属茎病变的致病生物2004 年和 2006 年 9 月至 11 月在 Rarwino（波兰西北部）操作的孢子捕集器获得的胶带上沉积的颗粒中提取的 DNA和定量实时 PCR 与空气传播的子囊孢子的显微计数进行了比较。这项研究的结果表明，子囊孢子释放时间的波动与来自L. maculans和L. biglobosa的 DNA 组合浓度的动态相对应，子囊孢子数与 DNA 产量之间呈显着正相关。因此，利用基于 PCR 的分子诊断技术能够在物种水平上检测、识别和准确量化空气中的接种物。此外，实时 PCR 比传统 PCR 更敏感，尤其是在子囊孢子数量较少的年份。