Three experiments examined whether the representations underlying recognition memory familiarity can be episodic in nature. Recognition without identification (Cleary & Greene, 2000; Peynircioğlu, 1990) was used to isolate familiarity processes. In order to test whether the representations underlying familiarity can be episodic, participants were exposed to stimuli that should not have pre-experimental representations, pseudowords and nonwords. The first two studies found evidence of recognition without identification for pseudowords and nonwords, a result that is inconsistent with views proposing familiarity only arises from existing representations. The third study found evidence that recognition without identification for words, pseudowords, and nonwords is stronger when study and test modality match. These results are interpreted within the framework of global-matching views of recognition memory, which claim that familiarity arises from the matching of test items to episodic representations in memory.

中文翻译：

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不识别词、伪词和非词的识别

三个实验检查了识别记忆熟悉度的表征在本质上是否可以是插曲的。没有识别的识别（Cleary & Greene，2000；Peynircioğlu，1990）用于隔离熟悉过程。为了测试潜在熟悉的表征是否可以是情节性的，参与者暴露于不应具有实验前表征、伪词和非词的刺激。前两项研究发现了对伪词和非词没有识别的识别证据，这一结果与提出熟悉的观点不一致，仅来自现有的表示。第三项研究发现，当学习和测试模式匹配时，无需识别单词、伪单词和非单词的识别能力更强。