In this study, a method was developed to elicit three different speaking styles, reduced, citation, and hyperarticulated, using controlled sentence materials in a laboratory setting. In the first set of experiments, the reduced style was elicited by having twelve talkers read a sentence while carrying out a distractor task that involved recalling from short-term memory an individually-calibrated number of digits. The citation style corresponded to read speech in the laboratory. The hyperarticulated style was elicited by prompting talkers (twice) to reread the sentences more carefully. The results of perceptual tests with naïve listeners and an acoustic analysis showed that six of the twelve talkers produced a reduced style of speech for the test sentences in the distractor task relative to the same sentences in the citation style condition. In addition, all talkers consistently produced sentences in the citation and hyperarticulated styles. In the second set of experiments, the reduced style was elicited by increasing the number of digits in the distractor task by one (a heavier cognitive load). The procedures for eliciting citation and hyperarticulated sentences remained unchanged. Ten talkers were recorded in the second experiment. The results showed that six out of ten talkers differentiated all three styles as predicted (70% of all sentences recorded). In addition, all talkers consistently produced sentences in the citation and hyperarticulated styles. Overall, the results demonstrate that it is possible to elicit controlled sentence stimulus materials varying in speaking style in a laboratory setting, although the method requires further refinement to elicit these styles more consistently from individual participants.

中文翻译：

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一种在实验室中引出三种说话风格的新方法。

在这项研究中，开发了一种方法来引出三种不同的说话风格，简化、引用和超清晰，在实验室环境中使用受控句子材料。在第一组实验中，简化风格是通过让 12 位说话者在执行一项干扰任务的同时阅读一个句子来引发的，该任务涉及从短期记忆中回忆起单独校准的数字数量。引文风格对应于实验室中的阅读演讲。通过提示说话者（两次）更仔细地重读句子，引发了过度表达的风格。对天真的听众进行的知觉测试和声学分析的结果表明，相对于引用风格条件下的相同句子，十二个说话者中有六个在干扰项任务中对测试句子产生了减少的说话风格。此外，所有说话者都一致地以引文和超清晰风格产生句子。在第二组实验中，减少的风格是通过将干扰任务中的数字数量增加一个（更重的认知负荷）来引发的。引出引文和超清晰句子的程序保持不变。在第二个实验中记录了 10 个说话者。结果表明，十分之六的谈话者如预测的那样区分了所有三种风格（记录的所有句子的 70%）。此外，所有说话者都一致地以引文和超清晰风格产生句子。总的来说，结果表明，在实验室环境中，可以引出不同口语风格的受控句子刺激材料，