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Toward effective immunotherapy for the treatment of malignant brain tumors.
Neurotherapeutics ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2009 , DOI: 10.1016/j.nurt.2009.04.003
Duane A Mitchell 1 , John H Sampson
Affiliation  

The immunologic treatment of cancer has long been heralded as a targeted molecular therapeutic with the promise of eradicating tumor cells with minimal damage to surrounding normal tissues. However, a demonstrative example of the efficacy of immunotherapy in modulating cancer progression is still lacking for most human cancers. Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the mechanisms leading to full T-cell activation, and recognition of the importance of overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms, have shed new light on how to generate effective anti-tumor immune responses in humans, and sparked a renewed and enthusiastic effort to realize the full potential of cancer immunotherapy. The immunologic treatment of invasive malignant brain tumors has not escaped this re-invigorated endeavor, and promising therapies are currently under active investigation in dozens of clinical trials at several institutions worldwide. This review will focus on some of the most important breakthroughs in our understanding of how to generate potent anti-tumor immune responses, and some of the clear challenges that lie ahead in achieving effective immunotherapy for the majority of patients with malignant brain tumors. A review of immunotherapeutic strategies currently under clinical evaluation, as well as an outline of promising novel approaches on the horizon, is included to provide perspective on the active and stalwart progress toward effective immunotherapy for the treatment of malignant brain tumors.

中文翻译:

迈向治疗恶性脑肿瘤的有效免疫疗法。

长期以来,癌症的免疫治疗一直被认为是一种靶向分子疗法,有望在对周围正常组织的损害最小的情况下根除肿瘤细胞。然而,对于大多数人类癌症,仍然缺乏免疫疗法在调节癌症进展方面的功效的示范例子。我们对导致完全 T 细胞激活的机制的理解的最新突破,以及对克服肿瘤诱导的免疫抑制机制的重要性的认识,为如何在人类中产生有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应提供了新的思路,并引发了新的研究。并积极努力实现癌症免疫疗法的全部潜力。侵袭性恶性脑肿瘤的免疫治疗未能摆脱这种重新振兴的努力,和有前景的疗法目前正在全球多个机构的数十项临床试验中进行积极研究。本综述将重点关注我们对如何产生有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应的理解方面的一些最重要的突破,以及在为大多数恶性脑肿瘤患者实现有效免疫治疗方面面临的一些明显挑战。包括对目前正在临床评估的免疫治疗策略的回顾,以及即将出现的有希望的新方法的概述,以提供对治疗恶性脑肿瘤的有效免疫疗法的积极和坚定进展的看法。本综述将重点关注我们对如何产生有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应的理解方面的一些最重要的突破,以及在为大多数恶性脑肿瘤患者实现有效免疫治疗方面面临的一些明显挑战。包括对目前正在临床评估的免疫治疗策略的回顾,以及即将出现的有希望的新方法的概述,以提供对治疗恶性脑肿瘤的有效免疫疗法的积极和坚定进展的看法。本综述将重点关注我们对如何产生有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应的理解方面的一些最重要的突破,以及在为大多数恶性脑肿瘤患者实现有效免疫治疗方面面临的一些明显挑战。包括对目前正在临床评估的免疫治疗策略的回顾,以及即将出现的有希望的新方法的概述,以提供对治疗恶性脑肿瘤的有效免疫疗法的积极和坚定进展的看法。
更新日期:2020-09-23
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