Although Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are generally assumed to be lifelong, we review evidence that between 3% and 25% of children reportedly lose their ASD diagnosis and enter the normal range of cognitive, adaptive and social skills. Predictors of recovery include relatively high intelligence, receptive language, verbal and motor imitation, and motor development, but not overall symptom severity. Earlier age of diagnosis and treatment, and a diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified are also favorable signs. The presence of seizures, mental retardation and genetic syndromes are unfavorable signs, whereas head growth does not predict outcome. Controlled studies that report the most recovery came about after the use of behavioral techniques. Residual vulnerabilities affect higher-order communication and attention. Tics, depression and phobias are frequent residual co-morbidities after recovery. Possible mechanisms of recovery include: normalizing input by forcing attention outward or enriching the environment; promoting the reinforcement value of social stimuli; preventing interfering behaviors; mass practice of weak skills; reducing stress and stabilizing arousal. Improving nutrition and sleep quality is non-specifically beneficial.

中文翻译：

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自闭症儿童能康复吗？如果是这样，如何？

尽管自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 通常被认为是终生的，但我们审查的证据表明，据报道有 3% 到 25% 的儿童失去了 ASD 诊断并进入正常范围的认知、适应和社交技能。恢复的预测因素包括相对较高的智力、接受性语言、语言和运动模仿以及运动发育，但不包括整体症状严重程度。较早的诊断和治疗年龄，以及广泛性发育障碍的诊断——未另作说明也是有利的迹象。癫痫、智力低下和遗传综合征的存在是不利的迹象，而头部的生长并不能预测结果。使用行为技术后，报告的恢复最多的对照研究发生。残留的漏洞会影响高阶沟通和注意力。抽动、抑郁和恐惧症是康复后常见的残留并发症。可能的恢复机制包括：通过强迫注意力向外或丰富环境来使输入正常化；提升社会刺激的强化价值；防止干扰行为；大量练习弱技能；减少压力和稳定唤醒。改善营养和睡眠质量并不是特别有益。