Noncriterial recollection (ncR) is recollection of details that are irrelevant to task demands. It has been shown to elevate familiarity estimates and to be functionally equivalent to familiarity in the process dissociation procedure (Yonelinas & Jacoby, 1996). However, Toth and Parks (2006) found no ncR in older adults, and hypothesized that this absence was related to older adults' criterial recollection deficit. To test this hypothesis, as well as whether ncR is functionally equivalent to familiarity and increases the subjective experience of familiarity, remember-know and confidence-rating methods were used to estimate recollection and familiarity with young adults, young adults in a divided-attention condition (Experiment 1), and older adults. Supporting Toth and Parks' hypothesis, ncR was found in all groups, but was consistently larger for groups with higher criterial recollection. Response distributions and receiver-operating characteristics revealed further similarities to criterial recollection and suggested that neither the experience nor usefulness of familiarity was enhanced by ncR. Overall, the results suggest that ncR does not differ fundamentally from criterial recollection.

中文翻译：

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非标准回忆在估计回忆和熟悉度中的作用

非标准回忆（ncR）是对与任务要求无关的细节的回忆。它已被证明可以提高熟悉度估计，并且在功能上等同于过程分离程序中的熟悉度（Yonelinas 和 Jacoby，1996 年）。然而，Toth 和 Parks (2006) 在老年人中没有发现 ncR，并假设这种缺失与老年人的标准回忆缺陷有关。为了检验这一假设，以及 ncR 是否在功能上等同于熟悉度并增加了熟悉度的主观体验，我们使用了记忆知识和置信度评级方法来估计对处于注意力分散状态的年轻人的回忆和熟悉度（实验1）和老年人。支持 Toth 和 Parks 的假设，在所有组中都发现了 ncR，但对于具有更高标准回忆的组来说，它始终更大。响应分布和接收器操作特征揭示了与标准回忆的进一步相似之处，并表明 ncR 既没有增强熟悉的经验，也没有增强熟悉的有用性。总体而言，结果表明 ncR 与标准回忆没有根本区别。