The current economic paradigm, which is based on increasing human population, economic development, and standard of living, is no longer compatible with the biophysical limits of the finite Earth. Failure to recover from the economic crash of 2008 is not due just to inadequate fiscal and monetary policies. The continuing global crisis is also due to scarcity of critical resources. Our macroecological studies highlight the role in the economy of energy and natural resources: oil, gas, water, arable land, metals, rare earths, fertilizers, fisheries, and wood. As the modern industrial technological-informational economy expanded in recent decades, it grew by consuming the Earth's natural resources at unsustainable rates. Correlations between per capita GDP and per capita consumption of energy and other resources across nations and over time demonstrate how economic growth and development depend on "nature's capital". Decades-long trends of decreasing per capita consumption of multiple important commodities indicate that overexploitation has created an unsustainable bubble of population and economy.

中文翻译：

---

宏观生态遇上宏观经济：资源稀缺与全球可持续性

当前的经济范式基于不断增加的人口、经济发展和生活水平，不再符合有限地球的生物物理极限。未能从 2008 年的经济崩溃中复苏，不仅仅是因为财政和货币政策不足。持续的全球危机也是由于关键资源的稀缺。我们的宏观生态研究强调了能源和自然资源在经济中的作用：石油、天然气、水、耕地、金属、稀土、化肥、渔业和木材。近几十年来，随着现代工业技术信息经济的发展，它以不可持续的速度消耗地球自然资源而增长。各国人均国内生产总值与人均能源和其他资源消耗量之间以及随着时间的推移之间的相关性表明，经济增长和发展如何依赖于“自然资本”。数十年来，多种重要商品人均消费量下降的趋势表明，过度开发已经造成了不可持续的人口和经济泡沫。