AIM We investigate patterns of phylogenetic diversity in relation to species diversity for European birds, mammals and amphibians, to evaluate their congruence and highlight areas of particular evolutionary history. We estimate the extent to which the European network of protected areas (PAs) network retains interesting evolutionary history areas for the three groups separately and simultaneously. LOCATION Europe. METHODS Phylogenetic (QEPD) and species diversity (SD) were estimated using the Rao's quadratic entropy at 10' resolution. We determined the regional relationship between QEPD and SD for each taxa with a spatial regression model and used the tails of the residuals (QERES) distribution to identify areas of higher and lower QEPD than predicted. Spatial congruence of biodiversity between groups was assessed with Pearson's correlation. A simple classification scheme allowed building a convergence map where a convergent pixel equalled to a QERES value of the same sign for the 3 groups. This convergence map was overlaid to the current PAs network to estimate the level of protection in convergent pixels and compared it to a null expectation built on 1000 randomization of PAs over the landscape. RESULTS QERES patterns across vertebrates show a strong spatial mismatch highlighting different evolutionary histories. Convergent areas represent only 2.7% of the Western Palearctic, with only 8.4% of these areas being covered by the current PAs network while a random distribution would retain 10.4% of them. QERES are unequally represented within PAs: areas with higher QEPD than predicted are better covered than expected, while low QEPD areas are undersampled. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Patterns of diversity strongly diverge between groups of vertebrates in Europe. Although Europe has the world's most extensive PAs network, evolutionary history of terrestrial vertebrates is unequally protected. The challenge is now to reconcile effective conservation planning with a contemporary view of biodiversity integrating multiple facets.

中文翻译：

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欧洲三个脊椎动物群和保护区系统发育多样性的空间不匹配

目的 我们调查与欧洲鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物物种多样性相关的系统发育多样性模式，以评估它们的一致性并突出特定进化历史的领域。我们估计欧洲保护区网络（PAs）网络分别和同时保留三个群体有趣的进化历史区域的程度。地点欧洲。方法 系统发育 (QEPD) 和物种多样性 (SD) 使用 Rao 二次熵在 10' 分辨率下进行估计。我们使用空间回归模型确定了每个分类群的 QEPD 和 SD 之间的区域关系，并使用残差 (QERES) 分布的尾部来确定 QEPD 高于和低于预测的区域。Pearson 评估了组间生物多样性的空间一致性 s 相关性。一个简单的分类方案允许构建收敛图，其中收敛像素等于 3 组相同符号的 QERES 值。将该收敛图叠加到当前的 PA 网络上，以估计收敛像素中的保护水平，并将其与基于 1000 个 PA 随机化景观的零期望值进行比较。结果 跨脊椎动物的 QERES 模式显示出强烈的空间不匹配，突出了不同的进化历史。汇合区仅占西古北区的 2.7%，其中只有 8.4% 被当前的保护区网络覆盖，而随机分布将保留其中的 10.4%。QERES 在 PA 中的代表性不均：QEPD 高于预测的区域覆盖率高于预期，而 QEPD 低的区域则采样不足。主要结论 欧洲脊椎动物群之间的多样性模式存在很大差异。尽管欧洲拥有世界上最广泛的保护区网络，但陆生脊椎动物的进化史却受到不平等的保护。现在的挑战是将有效的保护规划与当代综合多方面的生物多样性观点相协调。