In this article, we address how and why parent–child attachment is related to anxiety in children. Children who do not form secure attachments to caregivers risk developing anxiety or other internalizing problems. While meta‐analyses yield different findings regarding which insecurely attached children are at greatest risk, our recent studies suggest that disorganized children may be most at risk. Insecure attachment itself may contribute to anxiety, but insecurely attached children also are more likely to have difficulties regulating emotions and interacting competently with peers, which may further contribute to anxiety. Clinical disorders occur primarily when insecure attachment combines with other risk factors. In this article, we present a model of factors related to developing anxiety.

中文翻译：

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不安全的亲子依恋是儿童或青少年焦虑发展的危险因素吗？

在本文中，我们将讨论亲子依恋如何以及为何与儿童的焦虑有关。与照料者没有形成安全依恋关系的儿童可能会出现焦虑或其他内化问题。虽然荟萃分析得出了关于哪些不安全依恋儿童面临最大风险的不同发现，但我们最近的研究表明，杂乱无章的儿童可能面临的风险最大。不安全依恋本身可能会导致焦虑，但不安全依恋的孩子也更有可能难以调节情绪和与同龄人进行有效互动，这可能会进一步导致焦虑。临床障碍主要发生在不安全的依恋与其他危险因素相结合时。在本文中，我们提出了一个与发展焦虑相关的因素模型。