The possibilities of using gene therapy for bone regeneration have been extensively investigated. Improvements in the design of new transfection agents, combining vectors and delivery/release systems to diminish cytotoxicity and increase transfection efficiencies have led to several successful in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo strategies. These include growth factor or short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) delivery, or even enzyme replacement therapies, and have led to increased osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in vivo. These results provide optimism to consider use in humans with some of these gene-delivery strategies in the near future.

中文翻译：

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用于骨骼组织工程的非病毒基因疗法。

已经广泛研究了使用基因疗法进行骨再生的可能性。新的转染剂设计的改进，结合了载体和递送/释放系统以减少细胞毒性并提高转染效率，已经导致了几种成功的体外，离体和体内策略。这些包括生长因子或短干扰核糖核酸（siRNA）递送，甚至酶替代疗法，并已导致体内成骨分化和骨形成增加。这些结果为在不久的将来考虑在人类中使用这些基因传递策略中的一些提供了乐观。