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Endocrine disruptors: A relevant issue for neuroendocrinology also!
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2014-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.09.002
Jacques Balthazart 1 , Jon E Levine 2
Affiliation  

The release in the environment of a variety of chemical compounds that either mimic or antagonize the action of endogenous hormones, the so-called endocrine disrupting chemicals or EDCs has been of concern for scientists from various disciplines for several decades now. The disruption of reproductive development by the pesticide DDT (DichloroDiphenylTrichloroethane) in many avian species including the emblematic bald eagle (Haliaeetus leuocephalus) and the decrease in the population of Florida panthers (Felis concolor coryi) related to the high incidence of cryptorchidism (absence of testicular descent) in this species that was confirmed to be related to an accumulation of estrogenic pesticides are among the first examples of observations that have attracted the attention of biologists to this potential problem. The contemporary decrease in sperm quality and increased incidence of cryptorchidism in the human species have then been suggested to be caused by EDCs therefore attracting attention of the scientific community and the lay public. The potential interference of EDCs in human physiology and in biology in general has therefore generated a huge amount of research. Among the challenges faced in this area, evidence of causal links between human or wildlife observations and EDC exposure cannot be easily obtained. Therefore, some of this research has admittedly been of relatively poor quality and was reporting significant effects possibly explained by Type I statistical error (if you run a large number of statistical tests comparing two or several populations, some ‘‘statistically significant’’ differences will arise just by chance in the sampling procedure). Alternatively, some described effects were associated with environmentally irrelevant doses of compounds. It remains however that during the past 50 years a huge amount of methodologically-sound results have accumulated that demonstrate beyond any doubt that some of the chemical compounds released by humans in the environment have clear-cut effects of the human and animal (endocrine) physiology. Some of that research was actually reviewed in a special issue of ‘‘Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology’’ a few years ago (A.C. Gore and H.B. Patisaul, Neuroendocrine disruption: Historical roots, current progress, questions for the future, Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 2010;31:395–399), a natural venue for such publications given that the brain endocrine physiology is one of the main targets of these endocrine disruptors. It is also worth reminding here that the brain represents one the most sensitive targets for hormones especially during ‘‘critical periods’’ of the ontogeny when sex steroids organize the behavior and physiology in a sexually differentiated manner in males and females. The accumulation of scientific data demonstrating adverse effects of EDCs in animals and humans is prompting various legislative bodies to adopt laws in order to limit the release of these compounds in the environment. These regulations often come with

中文翻译:

内分泌干​​扰物:也是神经内分泌学的一个相关问题!

几十年来,各种模拟或拮抗内源性激素作用的化合物在环境中的释放,即所谓的内分泌干扰化学物质或 EDC,一直是各学科科学家关注的问题。杀虫剂 DDT(二氯二苯基三氯乙烷)对包括象征性秃鹰(Haliaeetus leuocephalus)在内的许多鸟类物种的生殖发育造成干扰,佛罗里达黑豹(Felis concolor coryi)的数量减少与隐睾症(睾丸缺失)的高发病率有关。下降)在这个物种中被证实与雌激素杀虫剂的积累有关,这是引起生物学家关注这一潜在问题的第一个观察实例。当代人类精子质量下降和隐睾症发病率增加被认为是由 EDCs 引起的,因此引起了科学界和普通公众的关注。EDCs 对人体生理学和生物学的潜在干扰因此产生了大量的研究。在该领域面临的挑战中,无法轻易获得人类或野生动物观察与 EDC 暴露之间因果关系的证据。因此,不可否认,这些研究中的一些质量相对较差,并且报告了可能由 I 型统计错误解释的显着影响(如果您运行大量比较两个或几个群体的统计检验,一些“统计上显着”的差异将在抽样过程中偶然出现)。或者,一些描述的效果与环境无关的化合物剂量有关。然而,在过去的 50 年中,积累了大量方法学上合理的结果,这些结果毫无疑问地表明,人类在环境中释放的某些化合物对人类和动物(内分泌)生理具有明确的影响。 . 几年前,某些研究实际上在“神经内分泌学前沿”特刊中进行了回顾(AC Gore 和 HB Patisaul,神经内分泌紊乱:历史根源、当前进展、未来问题,神经内分泌学前沿 2010;31 :395–399), 考虑到大脑内分泌生理学是这些内分泌干扰物的主要目标之一,因此这些出版物的自然场所。这里还值得提醒的是,大脑是荷尔蒙最敏感的目标之一,尤其是在个体发育的“关键时期”,当性类固醇以性别差异化的方式组织男性和女性的行为和生理时。证明 EDCs 对动物和人类产生不利影响的科学数据的积累促使各种立法机构通过法律来限制这些化合物在环境中的释放。这些规定往往伴随 这里还值得提醒的是,大脑是荷尔蒙最敏感的目标之一,尤其是在个体发育的“关键时期”,当性类固醇以性别差异化的方式组织男性和女性的行为和生理时。证明 EDCs 对动物和人类产生不利影响的科学数据的积累促使各种立法机构通过法律来限制这些化合物在环境中的释放。这些规定往往伴随 这里还值得提醒的是,大脑是荷尔蒙最敏感的目标之一,尤其是在个体发育的“关键时期”,当性类固醇以性别差异化的方式组织男性和女性的行为和生理时。证明 EDCs 对动物和人类产生不利影响的科学数据的积累促使各种立法机构通过法律来限制这些化合物在环境中的释放。这些规定往往伴随 证明 EDCs 对动物和人类产生不利影响的科学数据的积累促使各种立法机构通过法律来限制这些化合物在环境中的释放。这些规定往往伴随 证明 EDCs 对动物和人类产生不利影响的科学数据的积累促使各种立法机构通过法律来限制这些化合物在环境中的释放。这些规定往往伴随
更新日期:2014-01-01
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