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Static vs. mobile sink: The influence of basic parameters on energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks.
Computer Communications ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2013-05-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.comcom.2012.10.010
Majid I Khan 1 , Wilfried N Gansterer , Guenter Haring
Affiliation  

Over the last decade a large number of routing protocols has been designed for achieving energy efficiency in data collecting wireless sensor networks. The drawbacks of using a static sink are well known. It has been argued in the literature that a mobile sink may improve the energy dissipation compared to a static one. Some authors focus on minimizing Emax, the maximum energy dissipation of any single node in the network, while others aim at minimizing Ebar, the average energy dissipation over all nodes. In our paper we take a more holistic view, considering both Emax and Ebar. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a simulation-based analysis of the energy efficiency of WSNs with static and mobile sinks. The focus is on two important configuration parameters: mobility path of the sink and duty cycling value of the nodes. On the one hand, it is well known that in the case of a mobile sink with fixed trajectory the choice of the mobility path influences energy efficiency. On the other hand, in some types of applications sensor nodes spend a rather large fraction of their total lifetime in idle mode, and therefore higher energy efficiency can be achieved by using the concept of reduced duty cycles. In particular, we quantitatively analyze the influence of duty cycling and the mobility radius of the sink as well as their interrelationship in terms of energy consumption for a well-defined model scenario. The analysis starts from general load considerations and is refined into a geometrical model. This model is validated by simulations which are more realistic in terms of duty cycling than previous work. It is illustrated that over all possible configuration scenarios in terms of duty cycle and mobility radius of the sink the energy dissipation in the WSN can vary up to a factor of nine in terms of Emax and up to a factor of 17 in terms of Ebar. It turns out that in general the choice of the duty cycle value is more important for achieving energy efficiency than the choice of the mobility radius of the sink. Moreover, for small values of the duty cycle, a static sink turns out to be optimal in terms of both Emax and Ebar. For larger values of the duty cycle, a mobile sink has advantages over a static sink, especially in terms of Emax. These insights into the basic interrelationship between duty cycle value and mobility radius of a mobile sink are relevant for energy efficient operation of homogeneous WSNs beyond our model scenario.

中文翻译:

静态与移动接收器:无线传感器网络中基本参数对能效的影响。

在过去的十年中,已经设计了大量的路由协议来实现数据收集无线传感器网络的能源效率。使用静态接收器的缺点是众所周知的。文献中有人认为,与静态水槽相比,移动水槽可以改善能量耗散。一些作者专注于最小化 Emax,即网络中任何单个节点的最大能量耗散,而其他人则致力于最小化 Ebar,即所有节点的平均能量耗散。在我们的论文中,我们采取了更全面的观点,同时考虑了 Emax 和 Ebar。本文的主要贡献是对具有静态和移动接收器的 WSN 的能源效率进行基于模拟的分析。重点是两个重要的配置参数:sink 的移动路径和节点的占空比值。一方面,众所周知,在具有固定轨迹的移动接收器的情况下,移动路径的选择会影响能量效率。另一方面,在某些类型的应用中,传感器节点在空闲模式下花费其总寿命的相当大一部分,因此可以通过使用减少占空比的概念来实现更高的能源效率。特别是,我们定量分析了工作循环和汇的移动半径的影响以及它们在定义明确的模型场景中能源消耗方面的相互关系。分析从一般载荷考虑开始,然后细化为几何模型。该模型通过在占空比方面比以前的工作更现实的模拟得到验证。它表明,在所有可能的配置方案中,就接收器的占空比和移动半径而言,WSN 中的能量耗散可以在 Emax 方面变化高达 9 倍,在 Ebar 方面变化高达 17 倍。事实证明,一般来说,占空比值的选择对于实现能源效率比选择汇的移动半径更重要。此外,对于较小的占空比值,就 Emax 和 Ebar 而言,静态汇是最佳的。对于较大的占空比值,移动接收器优于静态接收器,尤其是在 Emax 方面。这些对占空比值和移动接收器移动半径之间基本相互关系的见解与超出我们模型场景的同类 WSN 的节能运行有关。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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