Understanding the contextual factors associated with why adults walk is important for those interested in increasing walking as a mode of transportation and leisure. This paper investigates the relationships between neighborhood-level sociodemographic context, individual level sociodemographic characteristics and walking for leisure and transport. Data from two community-based studies of adults (n=550) were used to determine the association between the area-sociodemographic environment (ASDE), calculated from U.S. Census variables, and individual-level SES as potential correlates of walking behavior. Descriptive statistics, mean comparisons and Pearson's correlations coefficients were used to assess bivariate relationships. Generalized estimating equations were used to model the relationship between ASDE, as quartiles, and walking behavior. Adjusted models suggest adults engage in more minutes of walking for transportation and less walking for leisure in the most disadvantaged compared to the least disadvantaged neighborhoods but adding individual level demographics and SES eliminated the significant results. However, when models were stratified for free or reduced cost lunch, of those with children who qualified for free or reduced lunch, those who lived in the wealthiest neighborhoods engaged in 10.7 minutes less of total walking per day compared to those living in the most challenged neighborhoods (p<0.001). Strategies to increase walking for transportation or leisure need to take account of individual level socioeconomic factors in addition to area-level measures.

中文翻译：

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地区层面社会人口特征、家庭构成和个体层面社会经济地位与成年人步行行为的关系。

对于那些有兴趣增加步行作为一种交通和休闲方式的人来说，了解与成年人步行有关的背景因素很重要。本文研究了社区层面的社会人口背景、个人层面的社会人口特征与休闲和交通步行之间的关系。来自两项基于社区的成人研究 (n=550) 的数据用于确定地区社会人口环境 (ASDE)（根据美国人口普查变量计算）与作为步行行为潜在关联因素的个人水平 SES 之间的关联。描述性统计、平均比较和 Pearson 相关系数用于评估双变量关系。广义估计方程用于模拟 ASDE（作为四分位数）和步行行为之间的关系。调整后的模型表明，与处境最不利的社区相比，在最不利的社区，成年人在交通方面的步行时间更长，休闲步行的时间更少，但加入个人层面的人口统计数据和 SES 消除了显着结果。然而，当模型针对免费或减价午餐进行分层时，在那些有资格享受免费或减价午餐的孩子中，与生活在最困难地区的人相比，住在最富裕社区的人每天的总步行时间少 10.7 分钟邻里 (p<0.001)。除了地区层面的措施外，增加交通或休闲步行的战略还需要考虑个人层面的社会经济因素。